In a large pot, heat the palm oil (or vegetable oil) over medium heat. Add the beef or goat meat and cook until browned on all sides.
Add the chopped onion and minced garlic to the pot. Sauté until the onion is soft and translucent.
Stir in the chopped tomatoes, paprika, ground black pepper, ground cumin, and salt. Cook for about 5 minutes, allowing the tomatoes to break down and the spices to release their flavors.
Pour in the beef or chicken broth. Add the stockfish and dried fish if using. Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for 30 minutes, or until the meat is tender.
Stir in the ground egusi seeds and mix well. Continue to cook for another 15-20 minutes, stirring occasionally. The soup should thicken as the egusi cooks.
Add the chopped spinach or bitterleaf to the pot. Stir and cook for an additional 5-10 minutes until the greens are tender.
Taste and adjust seasoning with additional salt or pepper if needed.
Garnish with chopped fresh cilantro before serving.
Enjoy your meal!